新加坡华语资料库

本资料库收录了具有文化、历史或情感意义的华语词汇。这些词汇是新加坡人过去或现在的生活用语,有的见于印刷媒体,有的则在日常对话中使用。

bookmaker (bookie)

Communities/Organisations

社群、团体

Communities / Organisations

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bookmaker (bookie)

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Communities/Organisations

社群、团体

Communities / Organisations

释义

名词

从事非法赌注或收注的人。

DEFINITION

Noun

People who engage in illegal gambling or collect bets illegally.

由来
  • 英语“Bookie”的音译。
  • 开盘收注的庄家在英语为“bookmaker”, 简称“bookie”。原本“bookmaker”的翻译为“造书者”。
  • 关于卜基这一行业,其中一个说法是它可能与20世纪初在英国流行的赛马赌马活动有关。
  • “造书者” 与赌博的关系,则有几种说法,一是赌客们将投注的资料,记录在一本小簿子,专注的表情像是在制造书本。另一说法是,因为收注的生意太好了,用来记录赌注的书簿因此大量生产,造成“造书”的现象。
  • 至于人们为何会称“造书者”为“卜基”,也有不同说法。一个说法是,古人通过烧龟壳牛骨来辩测凶吉称为“卜”,事物的根底为“基”,卜基被认为拥有预测的功能。另一说法是,华人认为“书”与“输”谐音,非常不吉利,所以偏向“卜基”而不是“造书”的称呼。
  • 对于卜基从事的非法下注和收注活动,本地政府采取严厉的措施制止。根据赌注法令(Betting Act) ,任何向非法赌博业者下注的人,若罪成可被判罚款最高5000元,坐牢最长六个月,或两者兼施。收注人一旦罪成,可面临2万至20万元罚款,以及不超过5年的刑期。
  • 网络的普遍使用也让网上下注的情况日益严重。对此,政府推出的远程赌博令(Remote Gambling Act)于2015年2月生效,除了在新加坡博彩公司和新加坡赛马公会进行远程赌博以外,其余的赌博网站都是犯法的。涉及远程赌博者,包括赌客、中介、经营者均属犯法。
ETYMOLOGY
  • The Mandarin term “卜基” is a transliteration of the English word “bookie”.
  • A bookmaker, or bookie is a person whose job is to collect bets, calculate odds, and pay out winnings. The term "bookmaker" was originally translated as “造书者” (a person who produces books).
  • One belief is that bookies were related to horse racing and betting activities which were popular in the United Kingdom in the early 20th century.
  • It is believed that there are several possible reasons why the term “造书者” is connected to gambling. One belief is that it comes from the facial expressions of gamblers as they record details of their bets in a small book, which looks as if they are busy producing a book. Another belief is that a large number of the books used to record bets had to be manufactured as there were too many bets to be recorded.
  • There are also several possible reasons why bookmakers are called "卜基 ”. One belief is that they were so named because the character "卜" is used in relation to an ancient form of divination using oracle bones, while the character "基 ” refers to the basis of all things, reflecting the belief that bookies were able to predict the future. Another belief is that this term was preferred over the term “造书者” because its second character, "书", is pronounced the same as "输" (to lose), which was thought to be inauspicious.
  • The Government has taken strict measures to stop bookies from engaging in illegal gambling operations and betting. According to the Betting Act, anyone who places a bet with illegal gambling operators shall be fined an amount not exceeding $5,000 or sentenced to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or both. If found guilty, any person who accepts bets shall be liable to a fine of not less than $20,000 and not more than $200,000 and shall be punished with imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years.
  • The widespread use of the internet has worsened the situation of online betting. To tackle the issue, the government has implemented the Remote Gambling Act, which has been in effect since February 2015. Apart from those provided by Singapore Pools and the Singapore Turf Club, any other remote gambling activities are deemed illegal. Anyone found to be involved in such remote gambling activities, including gamblers, betting intermediaries and operators, will be deemed to have committed a crime. 
例句
裕廊东31街一带的凉亭、咖啡店、熟食中心,每逢周末就会出现近百人聚集,当中还有卜基混杂人群中,公然在赛马公会的投注站附近非法收注。(《新明日报》,26/4/2018)
SAMPLE SENTENCE
Throngs of people would gather every weekend at the pavilions, coffee shops and Hawker centres at Jurong East Street 31, where bookies would be around to brazenly collect illegal bets near the Turf Club's betting outlets. (Shin Min Daily News, 26/04/2018)
其他地区用语

赌外围马、外围马集团(港、马)

TERMS USED IN OTHER REGIONS

外围马, 外围马集团 (Hong Kong, Malaysia)

参考资料
REFERENCES