Singaporean Mandarin Database

This database contains a collection of Mandarin terms which have cultural, historical or sentimental value unique to Singapore. These terms may be used by Singaporeans in the past or at present. Some of the terms are read in print while others are used in our everyday conversations.

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防

fáng

空

kōng

所

suǒ

bomb shelter

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bomb shelter

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释义

名词

发生战争或其他紧急状况时，供人躲避的处所。也称防空壕。

DEFINITION

Noun

A place where people can take shelter in the event of war or other emergencies. Also known in Mandarin as “防空壕”.

由来
  • 除了住房和楼层防空所外，本地的公共设施（如地铁站、学校、 民众俱乐部等）内都有设置可防御炸弹及空袭的防空所。
  • 1983 年，新加坡地铁东西线以及南北线的九个地下地铁站实行加固，成为我国的第一批公共防空所（public shelter）。
  • 首三个于 1987 年完成加固的地铁站为布莱德（Braddell）、索美塞（Somerset）以及纽顿（Newton）。后续完成加固的六个地铁 站为政府大厦（City Hall）、莱佛士坊（Raffles Place）、滨海湾（Marina Bay）、中峇鲁（Tiong Bahru）、武吉士（Bugis）以 及劳明达（Lavender）。这九个防空所一共可容纳约 100,000 人。
  • 1987 年开始，政府逐渐在新建组屋的底层、学校以及各社区建筑中兴建公共防空所。
  • 根据 1997 年新加坡民防庇护所法令（Civil Defence Shelter Act）规定，本地组屋必须在每户住家或楼层内提供至少一座民宅防空所（residential shelter）。前者称为住家防空所（household shelter），后者称为楼层防空所（storey shelter）。
  • 同年，位于后港（Hougang）92 街组屋区的 492 个组屋单位是首批设有住家防空所的住宅。
  • 依照现行规定，防空所的最大内部面积为 4.8 平方米，其高度必须在 2.4 米与 3.9 米之间。非有地居住用建筑物的防空所材质必须为合乎 C32/40 标准的混泥土，有地居住用建筑物则须符合 C25/30 的标准。两者的四面墙都需要加厚牢固，使用钢筋混凝土。
  • 住家防空所内备有电流供应，人们可装置电视与电话，以备遇到紧急事件时继续与外界保持联系。
ETYMOLOGY
  • Besides the bomb shelter in every housing unit or storey, local public facilities (such as Mass Rapid Transit [MRT] stations, schools, and community clubs) are also equipped with bomb shelters where the public can shield themselves from bombs and air strikes.
  • In 1983, nine underground MRT stations on the East-West Line and North-South Line were reinforced, becoming the first batch of public shelters in Singapore.
  • The first three MRT stations to complete reinforcement works in 1987 were Braddell, Somerset, and Newton. The next six MRT stations to complete reinforcement work were City Hall, Raffles Place, Marina Bay, Tiong Bahru, Bugis, and Lavender. The nine bomb shelters can accommodate 100,000 people in total.
  • From 1987, the government progressively built public shelters at the ground levels of newly-built Housing and Development Board (HDB) flats, in schools, and within various community buildings.
  • According to the 1997 Civil Defence Shelter Act, all local HDB flats must provide at least one residential shelter in every household or storey. The former is known as a household shelter and the latter is called a storey shelter.
  • In the same year, 492 HDB flats along Hougang Street 92 became the first batch of housing units equipped with household shelters.
  • According to current regulations, the maximum interior area of a bomb shelter is 4.8 square meters, and the height should be between 2.4 and 3.9 meters. The building material of bomb shelters for non-landed residential buildings should be concrete that complies with the C32/40 standards, while that for landed residential structures should match C25/30 standards. For both kinds of bomb shelters, the four walls should be thickened and secured with the use of reinforced concrete.
  • Residential shelters are equipped with power supply for the installation of televisions and phones, to maintain contact with the outside world in case of emergencies.
例句
在法令规定下，防空所有两种：住家防空所位于寓所内，而楼层防空所是设在楼层的公共场地，让同楼层的寓所共用。（《联合早报》， 10/5/1999）
SAMPLE SENTENCE
Under the statute, there are two kinds of bomb shelters: household shelters are located inside housing units, while storey shelters are installed in the public area of each storey and are shared by residents living on the same floor. (Lianhe Zaobao, 10/5/1999)
参考资料
点击查看防空所的参考资料
REFERENCES

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