Singaporean Mandarin Database

This database contains a collection of Mandarin terms which have cultural, historical or sentimental value unique to Singapore. These terms may be used by Singaporeans in the past or at present. Some of the terms are read in print while others are used in our everyday conversations.

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防

fáng

空

kōng

所

suǒ

bomb shelter

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bomb shelter

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释义

名词

发生战争或其他紧急状况时，供人躲避的处所。也称“防空壕”。

DEFINITION

Noun

A place where people can take shelter in the event of war or other emergencies. Also known in Mandarin as “防空壕”.

由来
  • 新加坡的公共设施 (如地铁站、学校、民众俱乐部等) 内都有设置可防御炸弹与空袭的防空所。
  • 1983年，新加坡地铁东西线与南北线的九个地下地铁站实行加固，成为新加坡的第一批公共防空所 (public shelter)。
  • 到了2024年，共有59个地下地铁站可用作公共防空所。  
  • 1987年开始政府逐渐在新建组屋的底层或地下层、学校及各社区建筑中兴建公共防空所。
  • 除了供公众使用的防空所外，新加坡也有民宅防空所。根据1997年新加坡民防庇护所法令 (Civil Defence Shelter Act) 规定，本地组屋必须在每户住家或楼层内提供至少一座民宅防空所 (residential shelter)。前者称为“住家防空所” (household shelter)，后者称为“楼层防空所” (storey shelter)。新的私人住宅项目 (例如公寓、有地房产) 也必须提供防空所。
  • 同年，位于后港 (Hougang) 92街组屋区的492个组屋单位成为首批设有住家防空所的住宅。
  • 依照现行规定，防空所的最大内部面积为4.8平方米，其高度必须在2.4米与3.9米之间。非有地居住用建筑物的防空所材质必须为合乎C32/40标准的混凝土，有地居住用建筑物则须符合C25/30的标准。两者的四面墙都需要加厚加固，使用钢筋混凝土。
  • 住家防空所内备有电流供应，人们可装置电视与电话，以备遇到紧急事件时与外界保持联系。
ETYMOLOGY
  • In Singapore, many public facilities, such as Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) stations, schools, and community clubs, are equipped with bomb shelters where the public can shield themselves from bombs and air strikes.
  • In 1983, nine underground MRT stations on the East-West Line and North-South Line were reinforced, becoming the first batch of public shelters in Singapore.
  • As of 2024, there are 59 underground MRT stations that can serve as public bomb shelters.
  • From 1987, the Government progressively built public shelters at the ground floor or basement of new Housing & Development Board (HDB) blocks, in schools, and within various community buildings.
  • Besides these public shelters, there are also residential shelters. According to the 1997 Civil Defence Shelter Act, all new HDB flats must provide at least one residential shelter in either every unit or every storey. The former is known as a household shelter and the latter is called a storey shelter. New private residential developments (such as condominiums and landed property) must also include household shelters.
  • In the same year, 492 HDB flats along Hougang Street 92 became the first batch of public housing units equipped with household shelters.
  • According to current regulations, the maximum interior area of a bomb shelter is 4.8 square metres, with an interior height of 2.4–3.9 metres. The building material of bomb shelters for non-landed residential buildings must be concrete that complies with the C32/40 standards, while that for landed residential structures must match C25/30 standards. For both kinds of bomb shelters, the four walls should be strengthened through the use of reinforced concrete.
  • Residential shelters are equipped with power supply for the installation of televisions and phones, to maintain contact with the outside world in case of emergencies.
例句
在法令规定下，防空所有两种: 住家防空所位于寓所内，而楼层防空所是设在楼层的公共场地，让同楼层的寓所共用。(《联合早报》，10/5/1999)
SAMPLE SENTENCE
Under the statute, there are two kinds of bomb shelters. Household shelters are located inside housing units, while storey shelters are built in the common area of each storey and are shared by residents of that floor. (Lianhe Zaobao, 10/5/1999)
参考资料
点击查看防空所的参考资料
REFERENCES

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