Singaporean Mandarin Database

This database contains a collection of Mandarin terms which have cultural, historical or sentimental value unique to Singapore. These terms may be used by Singaporeans in the past or at present. Some of the terms are read in print while others are used in our everyday conversations.

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三

sān

州

zhōu

府

fǔ

Straits Settlements

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Straits Settlements

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Places

地理相关

Places

释义

名词

早期华人社群海峡殖民地的称呼。也称 “叻屿呷”。

DEFINITION

Noun

The name used by the Chinese community to refer to the colonial Straits Settlements in the early days. Also known in Mandarin as “叻屿呷”.

由来
  • 三州府指旧时的石叻坡、槟榔屿及吗六呷，即如今的新加坡、槟城（Penang）及马六甲（Malacca）三地。
  • 1824 年，英属东印度公司（British East India Company）的代表莱佛士爵士（Sir Stamford Raffles）与柔佛苏丹胡申（Sultan Hussein Mohamed Shah of Johor） 及拿督天猛公斯里阿都拉曼（Dato Temenggong Sri Maharajah Abdul Rahman）签订《友好同盟条约》（Treaty of Friendship and Alliance）协议。同年大英帝国与荷兰王国签署《伦敦条约》（Treaty of London），将马来半岛以北的地区归入英国的势力范围，英国因此在马来半岛占据了马六甲海峡的战略位置。
  • 为了统一三个地区的行政与财务收支，英属东印度公司于 1826 年将石叻坡、槟榔屿与吗六呷三个商业港口组成海峡殖民地（Straits Settlement），而三州府则是当地华人对海峡殖民地的俗称。
  • “州府” 即 “州” 与 “府” 的并称，源自唐朝所设置的行政制度，主要用于将该地区的行政权集中于中央政府。
  • 三州府的首府最初设在槟榔屿，但在 1832 年便移到新加坡。从 1826 年到 1866 年之间，英国政府把海峡殖民地交由英属印度总督（British Governor-General of India）管制，直到 1867 年海峡殖民地才成为直属于英国殖民办公室（British Colonial Office）的皇冠殖民地（Crown colony）。
  • 1946 年马来亚联盟（Malayan Union）成立之后，三州府随之解散。
ETYMOLOGY
  • Straits Settlements refer to the areas of “石叻坡”, “槟榔屿”, and “吗六呷” in the olden days, which correspond to modern-day Singapore, Penang, and Malacca respectively.
  • In 1824, Sir Stamford Raffles, representative of the British East India Company, Sultan Hussein Mohamed Shah of Johor and Dato Temenggong Sri Maharajah Abdul Rahman signed the Treaty of Friendship and Alliance. In the same year, the British Empire and the Kingdom of the Netherlands signed the Treaty of London to include the northern area of the Malay Peninsula under British control. As a result, the British occupied the strategic Strait of Malacca in the Malay Peninsula.
  • To unify the administrative and financial records of the three regions, the British East India Company formed the Straits Settlements in 1826 with the three commercial ports of “石叻坡”, “槟榔屿”, and “吗六呷”. “三州府” was used by the local Chinese as the colloquial term for the Straits Settlements.
  • The term “州府” is made up of the words “州” (state) and “府” (government), which originated from the Chinese administrative system set up during the Tang Dynasty, which was used to centralise regional administrative power within the central government.
  • The capital of the Straits Settlements was originally established in Penang but moved to Singapore in 1832. Between 1826 and 1866, the British government assigned the governance of the Straits Settlements to the Governor-General of India. In 1867, the Straits Settlements finally became a Crown colony under the direct control of the British Colonial Office.
  • After the formation of the Malayan Union in 1946, the Straits Settlements were dissolved.
例句
殖民地时代终究有统治者与被统治者之间的不平等，战后三州府与全马来亚人民开始觉醒，当人们不愿再做二等公民的时刻到来，也就是殖民地历史的终结，英联邦时代的登场。（《联合早报》， 20/6/2018）
SAMPLE SENTENCE
Inequality was inevitable between the ruling class and its subjects in the colonial era. After the war, the people in the Straits Settlements and Malaya began to awaken. The moment when they could no longer accept being second-class citizens marked the end of the colonial era and the beginning of the Commonwealth of Nations. (Lianhe Zaobao,  20/6/2018)
参考资料
点击查看三州府的参考资料
REFERENCES

Click here to view references for Straits Settlements

 

 

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